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Coughlan, Eileen, “Political language: Irish in Northern Ireland from the Shaw’s Road Gaeltacht to the Good Friday Agreement”, Journal of Celtic Linguistics 18 (2017): 29–47.

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Article
“Political language: Irish in Northern Ireland from the Shaw’s Road Gaeltacht to the Good Friday Agreement”
Periodical
Journal of Celtic Linguistics 18 (2017)
Rodway, Simon (ed.), Journal of Celtic Linguistics 18 (2017).
Volume
18
Pages
29–47
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Abstract (cited)
This article discusses the changes in the image of the Irish-language movement in Northern Ireland (NI) from the Hunger Strikes of 1981 to the Good Friday Agreement in 1998. In this time, it underwent several metamorphoses. In the early twentieth century, the Irish-language revival movement was largely grassroots and apolitical, although mostly nationalist. However, it became more politicized as time went on, and in the 1970s and 1980s Irish was used by republican prisoners as a secret code and scribbled on the walls of prison cells smeared with faeces during the dirty protests. Under increased funding from the British direct rule administration in the 1980s and 1990s, the language was portrayed as something that could bring the divided communities of NI together, but faced with unionist resentment and an 'alternative' minority language, it was clearly categorized during the Good Friday Agreement (GFA) negotiations as a nationalist language. The term 'depoliticization' has often been used to describe the process of making Irish a 'safe' language for all in NI to enjoy, but as is shown here, this process has been far from linear, with any progress made often lost just as quickly.
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October 2020
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