Bibliography
Paul
Russell s. xx–xxi
2022
article
Russell, Paul, “The joy of six: spelling and letter forms among fourteenth-century Welsh scribes”, in: Erich Poppe, Simon Rodway, and Jenny Rowland (eds), Celts, Gaels, and Britons: studies in language and literature from antiquity to the middle ages in honour of Patrick Sims-Williams, Turnhout: Brepols, 2022. 257–288.
2021
article
article
2020
article
Russell, Paul, “Three notes on Canu Urien”, North American Journal of Celtic Studies 4:1 (2020): 48–78.
abstract:
This paper discusses three terms in the run of englynion known as Canu Urien which have given rise to discussion and debate: the meaning of llad ‘strike’ or ‘kill’; the precise sense of two related phrases ry'm gallat and ry'm gallas; and what is meant by the geographical term Erechwyd or Yr Echwyd. In doing do, it draws on a wide range of evidence from other medieval Welsh prose and verse, and in one case also contributes to the understanding of a Middle Cornish verb.
abstract:
This paper discusses three terms in the run of englynion known as Canu Urien which have given rise to discussion and debate: the meaning of llad ‘strike’ or ‘kill’; the precise sense of two related phrases ry'm gallat and ry'm gallas; and what is meant by the geographical term Erechwyd or Yr Echwyd. In doing do, it draws on a wide range of evidence from other medieval Welsh prose and verse, and in one case also contributes to the understanding of a Middle Cornish verb.
article
article
Russell, Paul, “Distinctions, foundations and steps: the metaphors of the grades of comparison in medieval Latin, Irish and Welsh grammatical texts”, Language and History 63 (2020): 47–72.
abstract:
While the ‘grades’ of comparison is a familiar term, it is argued in this paper that a more thorough-going appreciation of a metaphor which originally had to do with steps allows us better to understand the development of the terminology of the grades of comparison as it moved from the Latin grammarians, especially Donatus and the commentators on his original work, into the medieval vernacular Irish and Welsh grammars. The architectural basis of the terminology, then, once identified, may help to clarify the use of such terms as Old Irish etargaire and how in Welsh grwndwal (lit.) ‘ground-wall’ came to be used of the positive form of the adjective.
abstract:
While the ‘grades’ of comparison is a familiar term, it is argued in this paper that a more thorough-going appreciation of a metaphor which originally had to do with steps allows us better to understand the development of the terminology of the grades of comparison as it moved from the Latin grammarians, especially Donatus and the commentators on his original work, into the medieval vernacular Irish and Welsh grammars. The architectural basis of the terminology, then, once identified, may help to clarify the use of such terms as Old Irish etargaire and how in Welsh grwndwal (lit.) ‘ground-wall’ came to be used of the positive form of the adjective.
2019
article
article
article
2018
article
Russell, Paul, “‘Divers evidences antient of some Welsh princes’: Dr John Dee and the Welsh context of the reception of Geoffrey of Monmouth in sixteenth-century England and Wales”, in: Hélène Tétrel, and Géraldine Veysseyre (eds), L’Historia regum Britannie et les «Bruts» en Europe, 2: Production, circulation et réception, XIIe-XVIe siècle, 349, Paris: Classiques Garnier, 2018. 395–426.
abstract:
The reception of Geoffrey’s works in the sixteenth century is examined through the work of one scholar, Dr John Dee; of Welsh origins he was not only an influential figure in the Elizabethan court but also a great collector of manuscripts and printed books which he compared and annotated heavily; they provide us with a useful source for understanding how and from where he acquired his library, his interactions with other scholars, and how he collated the various versions of the works he owned.
La réception de l’Historia regum Britannie de Geoffroy de Monmouth au xvie siècle est ici examinée à travers l’œuvre d’un érudit, Dr John Dee. D’origine galloise, Dee fut une figure influente à la cour d’Elisabeth Ie. Il collectionna de nombreux manuscrits et imprimés qu’il passa sa vie à annoter et à comparer. L’Historia et le « Brut » gallois font partie de ses acquisitions. Les notes qu’il a apposées sur leurs témoins sont autant d’indices permettant de comprendre comment il a reçu ces œuvres.
abstract:
The reception of Geoffrey’s works in the sixteenth century is examined through the work of one scholar, Dr John Dee; of Welsh origins he was not only an influential figure in the Elizabethan court but also a great collector of manuscripts and printed books which he compared and annotated heavily; they provide us with a useful source for understanding how and from where he acquired his library, his interactions with other scholars, and how he collated the various versions of the works he owned.
La réception de l’Historia regum Britannie de Geoffroy de Monmouth au xvie siècle est ici examinée à travers l’œuvre d’un érudit, Dr John Dee. D’origine galloise, Dee fut une figure influente à la cour d’Elisabeth Ie. Il collectionna de nombreux manuscrits et imprimés qu’il passa sa vie à annoter et à comparer. L’Historia et le « Brut » gallois font partie de ses acquisitions. Les notes qu’il a apposées sur leurs témoins sont autant d’indices permettant de comprendre comment il a reçu ces œuvres.
2017
article
Russell, Paul, “From plates and rods to royal drink-stands in Branwen and medieval Welsh law”, North American Journal of Celtic Studies 1:1 (May, 2017): 1–26.
abstract:
This paper takes as its starting point the well-known passage in Branwen about the compensation for Matholwch and its relationship to the Iorwerth redaction of medieval Welsh law. It argues, first, that the text of Branwen need not be emended by reference to the Iorwerth redaction. It then traces the textual development of the legal passage from a silver rod and gold plate in Iorwerth to an elaborate royal drink-stand in the other redactions. It follows Robin Chapman Stacey in suggesting that the Iorwerth redaction has maintained a simple version of this text to ensure the text is seen as unexceptional from a broader European perspective of kingship. Finally, it returns to a particular aspect of these descriptions, the Welsh and Latin terms used for fingers which present a confused and muddled picture.
abstract:
This paper takes as its starting point the well-known passage in Branwen about the compensation for Matholwch and its relationship to the Iorwerth redaction of medieval Welsh law. It argues, first, that the text of Branwen need not be emended by reference to the Iorwerth redaction. It then traces the textual development of the legal passage from a silver rod and gold plate in Iorwerth to an elaborate royal drink-stand in the other redactions. It follows Robin Chapman Stacey in suggesting that the Iorwerth redaction has maintained a simple version of this text to ensure the text is seen as unexceptional from a broader European perspective of kingship. Finally, it returns to a particular aspect of these descriptions, the Welsh and Latin terms used for fingers which present a confused and muddled picture.
work
article
article
article
Russell, Paul, “Canyt oes aruer: Gwilym Wasta and the laws of court in Welsh law”, North American Journal of Celtic Studies 1:2 (November, 2017): 173–188.
abstract:
It is conventional to divide the manuscript tradition of the Blegywryd redaction of the Welsh laws into two groups depending on whether they contain the Laws of Court and where the triads are positioned. It has long been recognised that Gwilym Wasta (working ca. 1300) was the scribe of the three manuscripts which do not contain the Laws of Court and that in three of the manuscripts he replaced them with a colophon in which he seems to claim that he has omitted them because they were no longer in use. This paper argues that matters might be rather more complicated and that the omission of the Laws of Court may have been more by accident than design.
abstract:
It is conventional to divide the manuscript tradition of the Blegywryd redaction of the Welsh laws into two groups depending on whether they contain the Laws of Court and where the triads are positioned. It has long been recognised that Gwilym Wasta (working ca. 1300) was the scribe of the three manuscripts which do not contain the Laws of Court and that in three of the manuscripts he replaced them with a colophon in which he seems to claim that he has omitted them because they were no longer in use. This paper argues that matters might be rather more complicated and that the omission of the Laws of Court may have been more by accident than design.
article
2016
article
Russell, Paul, “Teaching between the lines: grammar and grammatica in the classroom in early medieval Wales”, in: Deborah Hayden, and Paul Russell (eds), Grammatica, gramadach and gramadeg: vernacular grammar and grammarians in medieval Ireland and Wales, 125, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2016. 133–148.
article
article
edited work
Hayden, Deborah, and Paul Russell (eds), Grammatica, gramadach and gramadeg: vernacular grammar and grammarians in medieval Ireland and Wales, Studies in the History of the Language Sciences, 125, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2016. xvi + 226 pp.
abstract:
Grammatica, gramadach, and gramadeg: vernacular grammar and grammarians in medieval Ireland and Wales is concerned with the history of linguistic ideas and literary theory in the vernacular languages of medieval Ireland and Wales. While much good work, especially by Vivian Law, has been done on the Latin materials, this volume is the first to engage with the vernacular texts. It consists of ten essays that explore a range of interconnected topics relating to these themes. Yet while the contributors offer a close analysis of the development of linguistic thought in these literary traditions, they likewise seek to situate their discussions within the wider context of European grammatical learning during this period, considering both the widespread influence of texts from classical linguistic tradition and also the significance of sources from other contemporary learned disciplines for our understanding of the history of linguistics in the medieval world.
abstract:
Grammatica, gramadach, and gramadeg: vernacular grammar and grammarians in medieval Ireland and Wales is concerned with the history of linguistic ideas and literary theory in the vernacular languages of medieval Ireland and Wales. While much good work, especially by Vivian Law, has been done on the Latin materials, this volume is the first to engage with the vernacular texts. It consists of ten essays that explore a range of interconnected topics relating to these themes. Yet while the contributors offer a close analysis of the development of linguistic thought in these literary traditions, they likewise seek to situate their discussions within the wider context of European grammatical learning during this period, considering both the widespread influence of texts from classical linguistic tradition and also the significance of sources from other contemporary learned disciplines for our understanding of the history of linguistics in the medieval world.
2015
article
article
Russell, Paul, “Beyond Juvencus: an Irish context for some Old Welsh glossing?”, in: Pádraic Moran, and Immo Warntjes (eds), Early medieval Ireland and Europe: chronology, contacts, scholarship. A Festschrift for Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, 14, Turnhout: Brepols, 2015. 203–214.
abstract:
Starting from the Old Irish input into the glossing of the Welsh Juvencus manuscript, it is argued that there are hints that some of the Old Welsh glossing on another manuscript, St Dunstan’s Classbook, may have been created in an Irish-influenced context.
abstract:
Starting from the Old Irish input into the glossing of the Welsh Juvencus manuscript, it is argued that there are hints that some of the Old Welsh glossing on another manuscript, St Dunstan’s Classbook, may have been created in an Irish-influenced context.
2014
article
Russell, Paul, “In aliis libris: adaptation, re-working and transmission in the commentaries to Amra Choluim Chille”, in: Elizabeth Boyle, and Deborah Hayden (eds), Authorities and adaptations: the reworking and transmission of textual sources in medieval Ireland, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 2014. 63–93.
article
Russell, Paul, “Horticultural genealogy and genealogical horticulture: the metaphors of Welsh plant and Old Irish cland”, in: Georgia Henley, Paul Russell, and Joseph F. Eska (eds), Rhetoric and reality in medieval Celtic literature: studies in honor of Daniel F. Melia, 11-12, Hamilton, NY: Colgate University Press, 2014. 155–172.
edited work
2013
article
Paul Russell, “Welsh law in medieval Anglesey: British Library Harleian MS 1796 (Latin C)”, in: Sara Elin Roberts • Bryn Jones, Cyfraith Hywel (2013).
article
Russell, Paul, “Externarum linguarum excellens: the rhetoric and reality of the languages of Gruffudd ap Cynan, ruler of Gwynedd († 1137)”, in: Judith A. Jefferson, Ad Putter, and Amanda Hopkins (eds), Multilingualism in medieval Britain (c. 1066–1520): sources and analysis, 15, Turnhout: Brepols, 2013. 73–88.
article
2012
article
article
Russell, Paul, “Revisiting the ‘Welsh dictator’ of the Old English Orosius”, Quaestio Insularis 12 (2011, 2012): 31–62.
– PDF: <link>
article
Russell, Paul, “Culhwch’s weaponry : Penntireg and Enilleg”, Études Celtiques 38 (2012): 259–269.
abstract:
[FR] L’armement de Culhwch : Penntireg et Ennilleg
Dans le passage de Culhwch ag Olwen qui montre Culhwch allant à cheval à la cour d’Arthur, les deux manuscrits, le Livre Blanc et le Livre Rouge, emploient l’expression gleif penntirec pour désigner son arme. Une correction proposée par Thomas Jones s’est imposée maintenant comme la norme : elle consiste à corriger penntirec en ennillec, et à considérer que gleif était au départ une glose à ennillec qui a été introduite dans le texte principal ; ainsi, l’édition Evans-Bromwich donne ici gleif (ennillec). On montrera que la correction est mal assurée et qu’il vaut mieux restaurer le mot penntirec dans le texte de Culhwch, ainsi que dans le lexique du moyen-gallois. L’étude réexamine l’étymologie et le sens des termes ennillec et penntirec, en supposant qu’à l’origine ces deux noms d’armes avaient approximativement le même sens, «arme permettant d’accumuler des propriétés » .
[EN] In the passage in Culhwch ag Olwen where Culhwch is riding towards Arthur’s court, both the White and Red Books use the term gleif penntirec to describe his weapon. Following a suggestion by Thomas Jones, it has been conventional to emend penntirec to ennillec and to assume that gleif was in origin a gloss on ennillec which was incorporated into the text ; thus the edition of Evans and Bromwich reads gleif (ennillec) at this point. It is argued here that the emendation is unwarranted and that penntirec should be restored to the text of Culhwch and to the lexicon of Middle Welsh. The paper reconsiders the etymologies and meanings of the terms enillec and penntirec, arguing that in origin they were both terms for weapons with a broadly similar sense of ’ a weapon with which possessions are accumulated’.
Dans le passage de Culhwch ag Olwen qui montre Culhwch allant à cheval à la cour d’Arthur, les deux manuscrits, le Livre Blanc et le Livre Rouge, emploient l’expression gleif penntirec pour désigner son arme. Une correction proposée par Thomas Jones s’est imposée maintenant comme la norme : elle consiste à corriger penntirec en ennillec, et à considérer que gleif était au départ une glose à ennillec qui a été introduite dans le texte principal ; ainsi, l’édition Evans-Bromwich donne ici gleif (ennillec). On montrera que la correction est mal assurée et qu’il vaut mieux restaurer le mot penntirec dans le texte de Culhwch, ainsi que dans le lexique du moyen-gallois. L’étude réexamine l’étymologie et le sens des termes ennillec et penntirec, en supposant qu’à l’origine ces deux noms d’armes avaient approximativement le même sens, «arme permettant d’accumuler des propriétés » .
[EN] In the passage in Culhwch ag Olwen where Culhwch is riding towards Arthur’s court, both the White and Red Books use the term gleif penntirec to describe his weapon. Following a suggestion by Thomas Jones, it has been conventional to emend penntirec to ennillec and to assume that gleif was in origin a gloss on ennillec which was incorporated into the text ; thus the edition of Evans and Bromwich reads gleif (ennillec) at this point. It is argued here that the emendation is unwarranted and that penntirec should be restored to the text of Culhwch and to the lexicon of Middle Welsh. The paper reconsiders the etymologies and meanings of the terms enillec and penntirec, arguing that in origin they were both terms for weapons with a broadly similar sense of ’ a weapon with which possessions are accumulated’.
Persée – Études Celtiques, vol. 38, 2012: <link>
abstract:
[FR] L’armement de Culhwch : Penntireg et Ennilleg
Dans le passage de Culhwch ag Olwen qui montre Culhwch allant à cheval à la cour d’Arthur, les deux manuscrits, le Livre Blanc et le Livre Rouge, emploient l’expression gleif penntirec pour désigner son arme. Une correction proposée par Thomas Jones s’est imposée maintenant comme la norme : elle consiste à corriger penntirec en ennillec, et à considérer que gleif était au départ une glose à ennillec qui a été introduite dans le texte principal ; ainsi, l’édition Evans-Bromwich donne ici gleif (ennillec). On montrera que la correction est mal assurée et qu’il vaut mieux restaurer le mot penntirec dans le texte de Culhwch, ainsi que dans le lexique du moyen-gallois. L’étude réexamine l’étymologie et le sens des termes ennillec et penntirec, en supposant qu’à l’origine ces deux noms d’armes avaient approximativement le même sens, «arme permettant d’accumuler des propriétés » .
[EN] In the passage in Culhwch ag Olwen where Culhwch is riding towards Arthur’s court, both the White and Red Books use the term gleif penntirec to describe his weapon. Following a suggestion by Thomas Jones, it has been conventional to emend penntirec to ennillec and to assume that gleif was in origin a gloss on ennillec which was incorporated into the text ; thus the edition of Evans and Bromwich reads gleif (ennillec) at this point. It is argued here that the emendation is unwarranted and that penntirec should be restored to the text of Culhwch and to the lexicon of Middle Welsh. The paper reconsiders the etymologies and meanings of the terms enillec and penntirec, arguing that in origin they were both terms for weapons with a broadly similar sense of ’ a weapon with which possessions are accumulated’.
Dans le passage de Culhwch ag Olwen qui montre Culhwch allant à cheval à la cour d’Arthur, les deux manuscrits, le Livre Blanc et le Livre Rouge, emploient l’expression gleif penntirec pour désigner son arme. Une correction proposée par Thomas Jones s’est imposée maintenant comme la norme : elle consiste à corriger penntirec en ennillec, et à considérer que gleif était au départ une glose à ennillec qui a été introduite dans le texte principal ; ainsi, l’édition Evans-Bromwich donne ici gleif (ennillec). On montrera que la correction est mal assurée et qu’il vaut mieux restaurer le mot penntirec dans le texte de Culhwch, ainsi que dans le lexique du moyen-gallois. L’étude réexamine l’étymologie et le sens des termes ennillec et penntirec, en supposant qu’à l’origine ces deux noms d’armes avaient approximativement le même sens, «arme permettant d’accumuler des propriétés » .
[EN] In the passage in Culhwch ag Olwen where Culhwch is riding towards Arthur’s court, both the White and Red Books use the term gleif penntirec to describe his weapon. Following a suggestion by Thomas Jones, it has been conventional to emend penntirec to ennillec and to assume that gleif was in origin a gloss on ennillec which was incorporated into the text ; thus the edition of Evans and Bromwich reads gleif (ennillec) at this point. It is argued here that the emendation is unwarranted and that penntirec should be restored to the text of Culhwch and to the lexicon of Middle Welsh. The paper reconsiders the etymologies and meanings of the terms enillec and penntirec, arguing that in origin they were both terms for weapons with a broadly similar sense of ’ a weapon with which possessions are accumulated’.
article
2011
article
edited work
article
article
journal volume
edited work
work
Russell, Paul [ed. and trans.], Welsh law in medieval Anglesey: British Library, Harleian MS 1796 (Latin C), Texts and Studies in Medieval Welsh Law, 2, Cambridge, 2011.
– Edition: <link>
article
article
2010
article
Russell, Paul, Sharon Arbuthnot, and Pádraic Moran, Early Irish glossaries database, Online: Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic, University of Cambridge, 2010–. URL: <http://www.asnc.cam.ac.uk/irishglossaries>.
2009
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article
2008
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work
2007
article
article
article
article
Russell, Paul, and Alex Mullen, A database of the Celtic personal names of Roman Britain (CPNRB), Online: Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic, University of Cambridge, 2007–present. URL: <https://www.asnc.cam.ac.uk/personalnames/>.
abstract:
This database collects all the personal names from Roman Britain which are thought to contain Celtic elements. While personal names from Gaul have received considerable attention over the years in works such as GPN and KGP, the huge increase in the number of names (from the finds in Bath and Vindolanda, together with the publication of RIB II) now makes it imperative that the data is available in a easily searchable format. It is hoped that this database will offer a useful and flexible tool by which the information provided by personal names from Roman Britain can be integrated into the scholarship both of Roman Britain and of name-studies more generally (for a discussion based on the epigraphic data published up to and including 2005, see Mullen 2007a). If funding were available, this database might be a prototype for a much-needed database of all personal names attested from Roman Britain.
abstract:
This database collects all the personal names from Roman Britain which are thought to contain Celtic elements. While personal names from Gaul have received considerable attention over the years in works such as GPN and KGP, the huge increase in the number of names (from the finds in Bath and Vindolanda, together with the publication of RIB II) now makes it imperative that the data is available in a easily searchable format. It is hoped that this database will offer a useful and flexible tool by which the information provided by personal names from Roman Britain can be integrated into the scholarship both of Roman Britain and of name-studies more generally (for a discussion based on the epigraphic data published up to and including 2005, see Mullen 2007a). If funding were available, this database might be a prototype for a much-needed database of all personal names attested from Roman Britain.
